(Fig.) The Garden of Earthly Delights, 220x195 cm, c. 1510, collection of the Prado Museum in Madrid, Spain. Jerome Bosch (c. 1450-1516) was the greatest fantasy painter of the Northern Renaissance in the fifteenth century, mastering magical fantasy painting through his naturalistic creativity and rich imagination, allegory, and symbolism. When Italian figures like Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael pursued classical beauty, Bosch pioneered a world of whimsical fantasy between naturalism and symbolism. His paintings are filled with dreamlike unease and fear, existing within this questioning and imagination. His most famous masterpieces, such as "The Haywain," "The Garden of Earthly Delights," and "The Ship of Fools," became precursors to twentieth-century Surrealism.